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THIRD ISSUE
SPEECH OF EDITOR:
Life is what you make it...
Maybe God wants us to meet a few wrong people before meeting the right one so that when we finally meet the right person, we will know how to be grateful for that gift.
When the door of happiness closes, another opens, but often times we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one, which has been opened for us.
The best kind of friend is the kind you can sit on a porch and swing with, never say a word, and then walk away feeling like it was the best conversation you've every had.
It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what we've been missing until it arrives. Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they'll love you back! Don't expect love in return; just wait for it to grow in their heart but if it doesn't, be content it grew in yours.
It takes only a minute to get a crush on someone, an hour to
like someone, and a day to love someone, but it takes a lifetime to forget
someone. Don't go for looks; they can deceive. Don't go for wealth; even that
fades away. Go for someone who makes you smile because it takes only a smile to
make a dark day seem bright. Find the one that makes your heart smile. There
are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick
them from your dreams and hug them for real! Dream what you want to dream; go
where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life
and one chance to do all the things you want to do. May you have enough
happiness to make you sweet, enough trials to make you strong, enough sorrow to
keep you human, enough hope to make you happy. Always put yourself in others'
shoes. If you feel that it hurts you, it probably hurts the other person, too.
The happiest of people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just
make the most of everything that comes along their way. Happiness lies for
those who cry, those who hurt, those who have searched, and those who have
tried, for only they can appreciate the importance of people who have touched
their lives. Love begins with a smile, grows with a kiss and ends with a tear.
The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past, you can't go on
well in life until you let go of your past failures and heartaches. When you
were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling. Live your life
so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is
crying.
Interview with GOD:
"Come in," God said "So, you would like to interview me?"
"If you had the time," I said.
God smiled and said: "My time is eternity and is enough to do everything; what question do you have in mind to ask me?"
"What surprises you most about mankind?"
God answered: "that they get bored of being children, are in a rush to grow up, and then long to be children again.
That they lose their health to make money and then lose their money to restore their health.
That they live as if they will never die and they die as if they had never lived….."
God's hand took mine and we were silent for awhile and then I asked…" as a present, what are some of life's lessons you want your children to learn?"
God replied with a smile: "To learn that they cannot make anyone love them, what they can do is to let themselves be loved.
To learn that what is most valuable is not what they have in their lives, but who they have in their lives.
To learn that is not good to compare themselves to others. All will be judged individually on their own merits, not as a group on a comparison basis!
To learn that a rich person is not the one who has the most, but is one who needs the least.
To learn that it only takes a few seconds to open profound wounds in persons we love, and that it takes many years to heal them.
To learn that there are persons that love them dearly, but simply do not know how to express or show their feeling.
To learn that money can buy everything but happiness.
To learn that two people can look at the same thing and see it totally different.
To learn that it is not always enough that they be forgiven by others, but that they have to forgive themselves.
To learn that a true friend is someone who knows everything about them…..and likes them anyway.
I sat there for a while enjoying the moment. I thanked him for his time and for all that he has done for me and my family, and he replied," Any time, I am here 24 hours a day. All you have to do is ask for me , and I'll answer."
IMAM KHOMEINI:
born May 17, 1900?, Khomeyn, Iran
died June 3, 1989, Tehran
also spelled Ruhallah Khomeyni,
original name Ruhollah Musawi
Iranian Shi'ite cleric who led the revolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1979 and who was Iran's
ultimate political and religious authority for the next 10 years.
Khomeini
was the grandson and son of mullahs, or Shi'ite religious leaders. When
he was five months old, his father was killed on the orders of a local
landlord. The young Khomeini was raised by his mother and aunt and then
by his older brother. He was educated in various Islamic schools, and he
settled in the city of Qom about 1922. About 1930 he adopted the name of his
home town, Khomeyn, as his surname. As a Shi'ite
scholar and teacher, Khomeini produced numerous writings on Islamic
philosophy, law, and ethics, but it was his outspoken opposition to Iran's
ruler, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, his denunciations of Western influences, and
his uncompromising advocacy of Islamic purity that won him his initial
following in Iran. In the 1950s he was acclaimed as an ayatollah, or major
religious leader, and by the early 1960s he had received the title of grand
ayatollah, thereby making him one of the supreme religious leaders of the Shi'ite
community in Iran.
In 1962–63 Khomeini spoke out against the
shah's reduction of religious estates in a land-reform program and against the
emancipation of women. His ensuing arrest sparked antigovernment riots, and,
after a year's imprisonment, Khomeini was forcibly exiled from Iran on
Nov. 4, 1964. He eventually settled in the Shi'ite holy city of
An-Najaf, Iraq, from where he continued to call for the shah's overthrow and
the establishment of an Islamic republic in Iran.
From the mid-1970s Khomeini's influence
inside Iran grew dramatically owing to mounting public dissatisfaction with the
shah's regime. Iraq's ruler, Saddam Hussein, forced Khomeini to leave
Iraq on Oct. 6, 1978. Khomeini then settled in Neauphle-le-Château, a
suburb of Paris. From there his supporters relayed his tape-recorded messages
to an increasingly aroused Iranian populace, and massive demonstrations,
strikes, and civil unrest in late 1978 forced the departure of the shah from
the country on Jan. 16, 1979. Khomeini arrived in Tehran in
triumph on Feb. 1, 1979, and was acclaimed as the religious leader of Iran's
revolution. He appointed a government four days later and on March 1 again took
up residence in Qom. In December a referendum on a new constitution created an
Islamic republic in Iran, with Khomeini named Iran's political
and religious leader for life.Khomeini was able to tap the deep-seated
conservatism of the Muslim fundamentalists, who had acquired new vitality by
their victory over the shah. Khomeini himself proved unwavering in his
determination to transform Iran into a theocratically ruled Islamic
state. Iran's Shi'ite clerics largely took over the formulation of
governmental policy, while Khomeini arbitrated between the various
revolutionary factions and made final decisions on important matters requiring
his personal authority. First his regime took political vengeance, with
hundreds of people who had worked for the shah's regime reportedly executed.
The remaining domestic opposition was then suppressed, its members being
systematically imprisoned or killed. According to Khomeini's dictates,
Iranian women were required to wear the veil, Western music and alcohol were
banned, and the punishments prescribed by Islamic law were reinstated.
The main thrust of Khomeini's foreign
policy was the complete abandonment of the shah's pro-Western orientation and
the adoption of an attitude of unrelenting hostility toward both superpowers,
while in the meantime Iran tried to export its brand of Islamic
fundamentalism to neighbouring Muslim countries. Khomeini sanctioned
Iranian militants' seizure of the U.S. embassy in Tehran (Nov. 4, 1979)
and their holding of American diplomatic personnel as hostages
for more than a year. He also refused to countenance a peaceful solution to the
Iran-Iraq war, which had begun in 1980 and which he
insisted on prolonging in the hope of overthrowing Iraq's ruler, Saddam
Hussein. Khomeini finally approved a cease-fire in 1988 that effectively
ended the war.Iran's course of economic development foundered under Khomeini's
rule, and his pursuit of victory in the Iran-Iraq War ultimately proved futile.
But Khomeini was able to retain his charismatic hold over Iran's Shi'ite
masses, and he remained the supreme political and religious arbiter in the
country until his death.
THE NECKLACE:
She was one of those pretty and charming
girls who are sometimes as if by mistake of destiny born in a family of clerks.
She had no dowry, and no other means of being known, understood, loved, wedded
by any rich and distinguished man; and she let herself be married to a little
clerk at the Ministry of Public Instruction. She dressed plainly because she
could not dress well, but she was as though she had really fallen from her
proper station, since with women it is neither caste nor rank: and beauty,
grace, and charm act instead of family and birth. Natural fineness, instincts
for what is elegant, suppleness of wit, are the whole hierarchy, and make from
women of the people the equals of the greatest ladies.
She suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born for all the
delicacies and all the luxuries. She suffered from the poverty of her dwelling,
from the bare look of the walls, from the worn-out chairs, from the ugliness of
the curtains. All those things of which another woman of her rank would never
even have been conscious, tortured her and made her angry. The sight of the
little Breton peasant who did her humble housework aroused in her regrets which
were despairing, and distracted dreams. She thought of the silent antechambers
hung with Oriental tapestry, lit by tall bronze candelabra, and of the two
great footmen in knee breeches who sleep in the big armchairs, made drowsy by
the heavy warmth of the hot-air stove.
She thought of the long salons, of the delicate furniture
carrying priceless curiosities, and of the coquettish perfumed boudoirs made
for talks at five o’clock with intimate friends, with men famous and sought
after, whom all women envy and whose attention they all desire. When she sat
down to dinner, before the round table covered with a tablecloth three days old,
opposite her husband, who uncovered the soup tureen and with an enchanted air
said, “Ah, the good pot-au-feu! I don’t know anything better than that,” she
thought of dainty dinners, of shining silverware, of tapestry which people the
walls with ancient personages and with strange birds flying in the midst of a
fairy forest; and she thought of delicious dishes served on marvelous plates,
and of the whispered gallantries which you listen to with a sphinx like smile,
while you are eating the pink flesh of a trout or the wings of a quail.
She had no dresses, no jewels, nothing. And she loved nothing
but that; she felt made for that. She would so have liked to please, to be
envied, to be charming, to be sought after. She had a friend, a former
schoolmate at the convent, who was rich, and whom she did not like to go and
see any more, because she suffered so much when she came back. But one evening,
her husband returned home with a triumphant air, and holding a large envelope
in his hand. “There, “ said he. “Here is something for you. “ She tore the
paper sharply, and drew out a printed card which bore these words:
“ The Minister of Public Instruction and Mme. Loisel’s company
at the palace of the Ministry on Monday evening, January eighteenth”
Instead of being delighted, as her husband hoped, she threw the
invitation on the table with disdain, murmuring:
“What do you want me to do with that?”
“But my dear, I thought you would be glad. You never go out,
and this is such a fine opportunity. I had awful trouble to get it. Every one
wants to go. It is very select, and they are not giving many invitations to
clerks. The whole official world will be there.”
She looked at him with an irritated glance, and said,
impatiently:
“And what do you want me to put on my back?”
He had no thought of that; he stammered:
“Why the dress you go to theater in. It looks very well, to me”
He stopped, distracted, seeing his wife was crying. Two great
tears descended slowly from the corners of her eyes toward the corners of her
mouth. He stuttered:
“What’s the matter? What’s the matter?”
But, by violent effort, she had conquered her grief, and she
replied with a calm voice, while she wiped her wet cheeks: “nothing. Only I
have no dress and therefore I can’t go to this ball. Give your card to some
colleague whose wife is better equipped than I. “
He was in despair. He resumed: “ Come, let us see, Mathilde.
How much would it cost, a suitable dress, which you could use on other
occasions, something very simple?”
She reflected several seconds, making her calculations and
wondering what sum she could ask without drawing on herself an immediate
refusal and a frightened exclamation from the economical clerk. Finally, she
replied hesitatingly:
“I don’t know exactly, but I think I could manage it with four hundred
Frances.”
He had grown a little pale, because he was laying aside just
that amount to buy a gun and treat himself to a little shooting next summer on
the plain of Nanterre, with several friends who went to shoot larks down there,
of a Sunday. But he said: “All right. I will give you four
Hundred Frances. And try to have a pretty dress.”
The day of the ball drew near, and Mme.Loisel seemed sad,
uneasy, and anxious. Her dress was ready, however. Her husband said to her one
evening:
“What is the matter? Come, you’ve been so queer these last
three days.”
And she answered:
“It annoys me not to have a single jewel, not a single stone,
nothing to put on. I shall look like distress. I should almost rather not go at
all.”
He resumed: “You might wear natural flowers. It’s very stylish
at this time of the year. For ten Frances you can get two or three magnificent
roses. “ She was not convinced.
“ No; there’s nothing more humiliating than to look poor among
other women who are rich.” But her husband cried:
“How stupid you are! Go look up your friend Mme. Forestier, and
ask her to lend you some jewels. You’re quite thick enough with her to do
that.”
She uttered a cry of joy:” It’s true. I never thought of it.”
The next day she went to her friend and told of her distress.
Mme.Forestier went to a wardrobe with a glass door, took out a large jewel-box,
brought it back, opened it, and said to Mme.Loisel: “Choose, my dear.”
She saw first of all some bracelets, then a pearl necklace,
then a Venetian cross, gold and precious stones of admirable workmanship. She
tried on the ornaments before the glass, hesitated, could not make up her mind
to part with them or to give them back. She kept asking: “Haven’t you any
more?”
“Why, yes. Look. I don’t know what you like.”
All of a sudden she discovered, in a black satin box, a superb
necklace of diamonds, and her heart began to beat with an immoderate desire.
Her hands trembled as she took it. She fastened it around her throat, outside
her high-necked dress, and remained lost in ecstasy at the sight of herself.
Then she asked, hesitating, filled with anguish:
“Can you lend me that, only that?”
“Why, yes, certainly.” She sprang upon the neck of her friend,
kissed her passionately, and then fled with her treasure. The day of the ball
arrived. Mme Loisel made a great success. She was prettier than them all,
elegant, gracious, smiling, and crazy with joy. All the men looked at her,
asked her name, endeavored to be introduced. All the attaches of the Cabinet
wanted to waltz with her. The minister himself remarked her. She danced with
intoxication, with passion, made drunk by pleasure, forgetting all, in a sort
of cloud of happiness composed of all this homage, of all this admiration, of
all these awakened desires, and of that sense of complete victory which is so
sweet to a woman’s heart. She went away about four o’clock in the morning. Her
husband had been sleeping since midnight, in a little deserted anteroom, with
three other gentlemen whose wives were having a very good time. He threw over
her shoulders the wraps, which he had brought, modest wraps of common life,
whose poverty contrasted with the elegance of the ball dress. She felt this,
and wanted to escape so as not to be remarked by the other women, who were
enveloping themselves in costly furs. Loisel held her back. “Wait a bit. You
will catch cold outside. I will go and call a cab.”
But she did not listen to him, and rapidly descended the
stairs. When they were in the street they did not find a carriage; and they
began to look for one, shouting after the cabmen whom they saw passing by at a
distance. They went down toward the Seine, in despair, shivering with cold. At
last they found a cab. It took them to their door in the Rue des Martyrs, and
once more, sadly, they climbed up homeward. All was ended, for her. And as to
him, he reflected that he must be at the Ministry at ten o’clock. She removed
the wraps, which covered her shoulders, before the glass, so as once more to
see herself in all her glory. But But suddenly she uttered a cry. She no longer
had the necklace round her neck!
CONTINUED………
Homer
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I |
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INTRODUCTION |
Homer, name traditionally assigned
to the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two major epics
of Greek antiquity. Nothing is known of Homer as an individual, and in fact it
is a matter of controversy whether a single person can be said to have written
both the Iliad and the Odyssey. Linguistic and historical
evidence, however, suggests that the poems were composed in the Greek
settlements on the west coast of Asia Minor sometime in the 8th century bc.
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II |
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THE ILIAD |
Both epics deal with legendary
events that were believed to have occurred many centuries before their
composition. The Iliad is set in the final year of the Trojan War,
fought between the Greeks and the inhabitants of the city of Troy. The
legendary conflict forms the background for the central plot of the story: the
wrath of the Greek hero Achilles. Insulted by his commander in chief,
Agamemnon, the young warrior Achilles withdraws from the war, leaving his
fellow Greeks to suffer terrible defeats at the hands of the Trojans. Achilles
rejects the Greeks' attempts at reconciliation but finally relents to some
extent, allowing his companion Patroclus to lead his troops in his place.
Patroclus is slain, and Achilles, filled with fury and remorse, turns his wrath
against the Trojans, whose leader, Hector (son of King Priam), he kills in
single combat. The poem closes as Achilles surrenders the corpse of Hector to
Priam for burial, recognizing a certain kinship with the Trojan king as they
both face the tragedies of mortality and bereavement.
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III |
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THE ODYSSEY |
The Odyssey describes
the return of the Greek hero Odysseus from the Trojan War. The opening scenes
depict the disorder that has arisen in Odysseus's household during his long
absence: A band of suitors is living off of his wealth as they woo his wife,
Penelope. The epic then tells of Odysseus's ten years of traveling, during
which he has to face such dangers as the man-eating giant Polyphemus and such
subtler threats as the goddess Calypso, who offers him immortality if he will
abandon his quest for home. The second half of the poem begins with Odysseus's
arrival at his home island of Ithaca. Here, exercising infinite patience and
self-control, Odysseus tests the loyalty of his servants; plots and carries out
a bloody revenge on Penelope's suitors; and is reunited with his son, his wife,
and his aged father.
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IV |
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EPIC STYLE |
Both epics are written
in an elaborate style, using language that was too impersonal and formal for
ordinary discourse. The metrical form is dactylic hexameter (see Versification).
Stylistically no real distinction can be made between the two works. Since
antiquity, however, many readers have believed that they were written by
different people. The Iliad deals with passions, with insoluble
dilemmas. It has no real villains; Achilles, Agamemnon, Priam, and the rest are
caught up, as actors and victims, in a cruel and ultimately tragic universe. In
the Odyssey, on the other hand, the wicked are destroyed, right
prevails, and the family is reunited. Here rational intellect—that of Odysseus
in particular—acts as the guiding force throughout the story.
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V |
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THE HOMERIC HYMNS |
Besides the Iliad and
the Odyssey, the so-called Homeric Hymns, a series of relatively short
poems celebrating the various gods and composed in a style similar to that of
the epics, have also been attributed traditionally to Homer.
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VI |
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THE “HOMERIC QUESTION” |
The modern text of the
Homeric poems was transmitted through medieval and Renaissance manuscripts,
themselves copies of now-lost ancient manuscripts of the epics. From classical
antiquity until recently, Homer's readers may have distrusted the tales
describing him as a blind beggar bard of Chios and may have argued that
portions of the texts, such as the concluding scenes of the Odyssey,
were added by another hand. However, they generally believed that Homer was a
poet (or at most, a pair of poets) much like the poets they knew from their own
experience. They believed that the Iliad and the Odyssey,
although based on traditional materials, were independent, original, and
largely fictional.
In the last 200 years,
however, this view has changed radically, following the emergence and
continuing discussion of the “Homeric question”—namely, by whom, how, and when
were the Iliad and Odyssey composed? A generally accepted answer
has yet to be found. In the 19th and 20th centuries the so-called analysts
argued that inconsistencies in the works proved that the poems were
collections, or accretions, of short, independently composed lays,
simple narrative poems; the unitarians, on the other hand, argued that
these inconsistencies were insignificant or imaginary, and that the overall
unity of the epics proved that each was the product of a single writer. More
recently, scholarly discussion has centered on the theory of oral-formulaic
composition. According to this theory, the elaborate system of poetic diction
found in the Homeric epics was developed over many generations by bards who
performed the poems for aristocratic patrons. Since writing was not yet in use
for literary purposes, these bards had to perform without the aid of a written
text. However, instead of composing and memorizing fixed works, they built up
over time a vast stock of verbal formulas that enabled them to improvise long
poems on heroic topics more or less spontaneously. These formulas extended from
short phrases, such as “swift-footed Achilles,” to long scenes that depict
repeated or stereotypical actions, such as the arming of a warrior, a duel, or
the eating of a meal. The poet was free to alter or recombine elements of the
longer formulas to suit the context.
No one view on this issue
has prevailed, but it is fair to say that practically all commentators would
agree that tradition had a great deal to do with the poems' composition and
that each epic bears evidence that suggests a single creator. Meanwhile,
archaeological discoveries of the last 125 years, especially those of German
archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, have shown that much of the civilization
Homer described was not fictional. The epics, therefore, can be considered
historical documents, to a certain extent, and discussion of this facet of them
has constantly been intertwined with the debate on the question of their
creation.
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VII |
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INFLUENCE |
In a direct way Homer
was the parent of all succeeding Greek literature. Drama, historiography, and
even philosophy all show the mark of the issues, comic and tragic, raised in
the epics and of the techniques Homer used to approach them. For the later epic
poets of Western literature, Homer was the greatest influence (even when, as in
the case of Italian poet Dante Alighieri, the poets did not know the works of
Homer directly). But for his most successful followers, curiously enough, his
work was as much a critical and comic target as a model. The Aeneid of
Roman poet Virgil, for instance, is a refutation of the individualistic value
system of the Homeric epic; and the most Homeric scenes in Paradise Lost,
by English poet John Milton—those stanzas describing the battle in heaven—are
essentially comic. As for novels, such as Don Quixote (Part I, 1605;
Part II, 1615), by Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes, or Ulysses (1922),
by Irish writer James Joyce, the more Homeric they are, the more they lean
toward parody and mock epic.
Among English translations
of Homer, the versions of George Chapman (1616) and Alexander Pope (Iliad,1715-1720;
Odyssey,1725-1726) stand out as permanent classics. In contemporary
English verse, the reader can choose among several versions: the highly literal
renditions (1951, 1967) of American poet Richmond Lattimore; the versions
(1961, 1974) of Robert Fitzgerald, another American poet, which tend to be
freer and are often considered more readable; and the Iliad (1990) of
American poet and translator Robert Fagles.
Ozone
Layer 
Ozone
Layer, a region of the atmosphere from 19 to 48
km (12 to 30 mi) above the earth's surface. Ozone concentrations of up to 10
parts per million occur in the ozone layer. The ozone forms there by the action
of sunlight on oxygen. This action has been taking place for many millions of
years, but naturally occurring nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere apparently
have kept the ozone concentration at a fairly stable level. Concentrations this
great at ground level are dangerous to breathe and can damage the lungs.
However, because the ozone layer of the atmosphere protects life on earth from
the full force of the sun's cancer-causing ultraviolet radiation, it is
critically important. Thus, scientists were concerned when they discovered in
the 1970s that chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs (see Fluorine)—long
used as refrigerants and as aerosol spray propellants—posed a possible threat
to the ozone layer. Released into the atmosphere, these chlorine-containing
chemicals rise and are broken down by sunlight, whereupon the chlorine reacts
with and destroys ozone molecules—up to 100,000 per CFC molecule. For this
reason, the use of CFCs in aerosols has been banned in the United States and
elsewhere. Other chemicals, such as bromine halocarbons, as well as nitrous
oxides from fertilizers, may also attack the ozone layer. Destruction of the
ozone layer is predicted to cause increases in skin cancer and cataracts,
damage to certain crops and to plankton and the marine food web, and an
increase in carbon dioxide (see Global Warming) due to the decrease in
plants and plankton.
Beginning in
the early 1980s, research scientists working in Antarctica have detected a
periodic loss of ozone in the atmosphere high above that continent. The
so-called ozone “hole,” a thinned region of the ozone layer, develops in the
Antarctic spring and continues for several months before thickening again.
Studies conducted with high-altitude balloons and weather satellites indicated
that the overall percentage of ozone in the Antarctic ozone layer is actually
declining. Flights over the Arctic regions found a similar problem developing
there.
In 1987 the
Montréal Protocol, a treaty for the protection of the ozone layer, was signed
and later ratified by 36 nations, including the United States. A total ban on
the use of CFCs during the 1990s was proposed by the European Community (now
called the European Union) in 1989, a move endorsed by U.S. President George
Bush. In December 1995 over 100 nations agreed to phase out developed
countries' production of the pesticide methyl bromide, predicted to cause about
15 percent of ozone depletion by the year 2000. Production of CFCs in developed
countries ceased at the end of 1995 and will be phased out in developing
countries by 2010. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs, which cause less damage
to the ozone layer than CFCs do, are being used as substitutes for CFCs on an
interim basis, until 2020 in developed countries and until 2016 in developing
countries. To monitor ozone depletion on a global level, in 1991 the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the 7-ton Upper Atmosphere
Research Satellite. Orbiting earth at an altitude of 600 km (372 mi), the
spacecraft measures ozone variations at different altitudes and is providing
the first complete picture of upper atmosphere chemistry.
The World
Meteorological Organization observed a 45 percent depletion of the ozone layer
over one-third of the northern hemisphere, from Greenland to western Siberia,
for several days during the winter of 1995-1996. The deficiency was believed to
have been caused by chlorine and bromine compounds combined with polar
stratospheric clouds formed under unusually low temperatures.
Tips
for Raising Safe and Healthy Kids
Have a Healthy Pregnancy
Give your child a good start by planning a healthy pregnancy. This starts
before you get pregnant. Take folic acid before you get pregnant to prevent
several birth defects. Know your family and medical history to determine if
your future child is at increased risk for certain diseases and conditions.
Get
Routine Checkups and Vaccinations
Routine exams and screenings help you and your kids prevent, identify, and
treat health problems when they arise. Exams can also help you assess if your
child is growing or developing properly and what
to look out for until the next checkup. Vaccines prevent disease in the people
who receive them, including those who come into contact with unvaccinated
individuals. Vaccines help prevent infectious diseases and save lives. Vaccines
are responsible for the control of many infectious diseases that were once
common in this country, including polio, measles, diphtheria, pertussis
(whooping cough), rubella (German measles), mumps, tetanus, and Haemophilus
influenzae type b (Hib).
Protect Your Kids: Keep Them Safe
and Healthy
Although kids are small, they are quick, curious, and not aware of dangers.
Take steps to make sure your home, vehicle, play areas, day care, schools, and
other environments are safe for your kids. Prevent or reduce the spread of
germs. Make your kids aware of the potential dangers of strangers, drugs and
hazardous substances, and other things they may come into contact with.
Provide
Healthy Meals
Eating right will help provide the nutrients needed to have energy, build
strong bones, and fight diseases and other conditions. Pay attention to what
and how much your kids eat. This could be an indication of problems of which
you may not be aware.
Get
Moving
Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence improves strength and
endurance, helps build healthy bones and muscles, helps control weight, reduces
anxiety and stress, increases self esteem, and may improve blood pressure and
cholesterol levels. Having fun and being active is normal for kids and good for
their bodies. Excessive amounts of physical activity can lead to injuries,
menstrual abnormalities, and bone weakening
Be Smoke-Free
Being exposed to second-hand smoke is just as unhealthy as smoking directly. By
smoking, parents and others put children at risk for sudden infant death
syndrome (SIDS), bronchitis, asthma, and pneumonia. Be smoke-free during
pregnancy to prevent premature birth and other health problems. Stay smoke-free
to help ensure that you and your family will be healthy.
Monitor Activities
Kids learn from you, the rest of the family, and friends. They also learn from
television, classmates, music, video games, the internet, and much more. These
influences help to shape their view of the world, how they interact, and what
they learn. Know what they are listening to and watching, how much time they
spend with an activity, and if it’s appropriate for their age. Ask yourself if
there are healthy and fun activities they (and you) can do, and start today.
Teach Your Kids Healthy Habits
Injury is the leading cause of death for females 1-34 years of age. Provide
your kids with a good foundation to help them make healthy choices every day.
Seat belts, helmets, sunscreen, brushing teeth, and hand washing are just a few
of the things that help to keep us all healthy. Making good health choices a
part of your daily life will also show kids how to do it.
Talk to
and Listen to Your Kids
We’ve come to believe that kids don’t listen to parents. However, not only do
they listen, but they also watch what we do. Health starts at home. Talking to
your kids may help them better understand how to get healthy, stay safe, and be
happy. Take opportunities to find out what’s going on with them, how they are
making decisions and handling problems, and what questions they might have
about life. Girls need to know about physical development, menstruation,
reproduction, and other issues - and they need to hear it from you. There are
plenty of resources if you need to get some answers first.
Provide Love and Support
Kids need the support and love of family and friends. Kids with special needs,
diseases, or disabilities may need additional support and care. Times of stress
or emergency may make kids, as well as adults, vulnerable to health and
psychological problems. Determine if stress related to school, body changes,
thoughts and feelings, family issues, death of loved ones, or changes in
general are causing problems. Help your kids make connections and have balance
in their lives.
EARLY YEARS
Gabriel
Omar Batistuta is, was and forever will remain in history as one of the best
strikers in the world. He's rich, handsome, famous, envied by men and desired
by women. But like everyone else, he was once young, unknown and penniless. He,
like most of us have had difficult moments, periods of suffering and
uncertainity which he faced with dignity.
Gabriel never gives up, he always wants to live life to the
fullest, knowing full well all the obstacles that will be thrown at his feet.
He sees the unknown as a challenge, something to conquer. Everything Gabriel is
and possesses today is due to his work, dedication and sacrifice.
Bati
was a beautiful, happy, chubby child. He enter this world voicing his joy at
being born, the first of February, l969. The city of Avellaneda did not know
that the greatest soccer star of the nineties had been born. From this small
town and not from Reconquista, even though this city has followed Bati's life
very closely, the legend emerged.
A
childhood lived under the close watch of "Nonno" Melchor and his
father Osmar. "Nonno" Melchor an important, dignified, loving figure
in Bati's life. "Nonno" Melchor was the head of the Batistuta family.
Bati's life has always been inmerse in love and caring given to him by his
mother Gloria with whom he has a very special and close relation. The carefree,
happy childhood of "el gringo", name given to him because of his
coloring, was not marred by the hard times his family lived through at this
period of his life due to economic crisis. The joy and the love for life has
always been part of Bati's being. Even though things were tight, Bati was happy
just going fishing, playing ball or day-dreaming. But his imaginings fell short
to his ambitions. "Il gordo", the fat one, another name given to Bati
because of his two or three extra pounds, knew things would happen, his life
was like an unwriten book just waiting for the day when his luminous future
would be written.
In
the Batistuta 'family tree' Gabriel will also be set apart. After Bati's birth,
Gloria and Osmar were gifted with three splendid daughters, Elisa, Alejandra
and Gabriela. Bati never felt any envy toward his sisters, maybe a little
jealousy at first when he was five. From the age of sixteen Bati's attention
was concentrated in the beauty and sweetness of one "femina", Irina
Fernandez, who turned out to be his star. Even at that time Bati was able to
see the importance of this one woman in his life when he completely forgot his
beautiful date of that night to dedicate his time in wooing that other lovely
girl named Irina.
All this happened at Irina's 15th birthday party. But Bati's
attraction was not reciprocated at first. It was as if he was 'painted in the
wall'. Bati was rejected, Yes, ignored. Irina danced with everyone but gave
"il gringo" just a few minutes of her time. It's true Gabriel was not
an impressive man at the time, he was just a young boy, he was not famous or
fascinating as he is now. But the character was there, and even at that young
age two of his best traits surfaced, his determination and persistance. Even
while going after small things, Bati won't give up, so, he would not give up on
something as important as conquering the love of his life, Irina. So, on the 28
of December, l990 in St. Roque church, Gabriel brought to the altar a radiant
Irina and there he said the most important 'YES' of his life.
His First Steps
From his first matches that were played on the field
which they called "il lombrico" (earthworm), a long and narrow strech
of dirt, to the effervescent pit known as la Bombonera, Boca Jrs. stadium, his
road has been filled with difficulties, lots of work and yes, luck. Without the
goddess of good fortune you hardly go anywhere, but we all know that to achieve
goals you have to have more than the help of the goddess, you have to have what
it takes. At the end only those who deserve it will get there. To think that
being a soccer player, a soccer star was not always in the mind of Batistuta.
His favorite sport was basketball. Who would have dreamt at the time that he
would reach "Olympus", the gods domain by scoring goals. He never
thought of making soccer his life, never thought of 
becoming rich and famous. His story is filled with
difficult moments, of lost chances, of laughter,of tears, good and bad
decisions and yes, many, many dazzling moments. It's by mere casuality that Bati made his soccer
'debut', the 25 of september, l988. On January l987 a representative of
Newell's Old Boys of Rosario driving a black car "kidnapped" Bati and
took him to what comes to be his road of glory. It was not an easy period for
Bati but "Papa" Osmar was in accord with the man of the black car. It
is time to try, he told Bati, time to try your wings. When he arrived at
Rosario, he was confronted for the first time with envy and obstacles that
seemed unsurmountable, but also he was able to make some good friends. Gabriel
was lucky at this point to meet a coach that came to believe in him without any
doubts. The name of this coach, Marcelo Bielsa, today Argentina's National team
coach. Then he was called to the first team. In the Argentine championship our
"Re-Leone" (Lion King) made his debut playing in Tucuman against San
Martin, he played for half an hour. They lost 1-0. What we called his real
'debut' came three days later when Newell's striker, Gabrich, suffered an
injury. So, Bati wearing the number 9 in his back played the semi-final match
in "Copa Libertadores" against San Lorenzo. He didn't score but he
left his heart on the pitch. When he woke up the next day, the headings of the
newspapers were like a premonition of what was to come: 'Batistuta, a star in
the making'. Gabriel was not able to bring everyone to his side.
Some champions of the past, great players themselves, Passarella, Sivori, were
not convinced that he deserved this kind of attention. Time proved them to be
better players than "connoisseurs" of men. In time they too will be
convinced. He was discriminated, ignored by Passarella while he was playing at
River and while Passarella was head coach of Aregentina's National team, Bati
was ignored by a long period of time. Sivori unexplainably has denigrated
Bati's figure to all the media until recently when he seems to be afflicted
with some kind of amnesia in relation to all he has ever said against
Batistuta. Bati has never felt the need to obtain revenge or apologies from no
one. He never compares himself to anyone. He's Batistuta and that's that. A
player that knows when to be humble, a man that has writen and is writing a
life more brilliant than that of any of those who have wronged him. After his time with Newell's and River Plate, Settimio
Aloisio, his manager, one who knows a lot of the bussiness, with a strategical
move was able to bring Bati to Boca Jrs.. Boca the team that Bati carries close
to his heart. The one he promises to end his brilliant career with. Thanks also
to Aloisio, Bati was able to live his first Italian experience. Bati flew to
Italy wit "Il Deportivo" to take part in the "Viareggio"
Tournament. After a tie with Milan (Toldo was #12 in this team) Bati shined
scoring a hat-trick to the "Ska" of Sofia. The "Deportivo"
adventure ended in freekicks with Torino, where Bati failed the decisive one,
celebrating this sad way his 20th birthday. In one of the free days, the
coaches took their boys to see a real "calcio" match: Fiorentina
against Milan. Gabriel was moved, impressed by the amount of people, by the
warmth, the love given by the "tifosi" to the "Viola" team,
their encouragement to the players through their chants.
That day Bati could never have imagined that in two years all that love, all that warmth of those "tifosi" were going to be his forever....
Professionalism
Like
every player, Batistuta's career beginings were not easy. He was a regular on
temporary basis with Newell's in l988. At this time he signed his first
contract for $20,000 a year. Later he was lent to Deportivo Italiano of Buenos
Aires, so he would be part of the team going to Viareggio in l989. Bati's team
was eliminated by Torino the day of his 20th birthday.
But "el camion" (the truck), a name given for his
strength and power, was able to impress with his abilities of scoring goals. In
June of the same year his pass was bought by Settimio Aloisio. Then half of it
given to River Plate coached at the time by Reinaldo Merlo. Changing teams
means starting over, so Gabriel started once again from zero. He played
seventeen matches scoring four goals. With the parting of Merlo, Passarella
arrived, a character with whom rapport proved to be very, very difficult.
Bati was relegated and non of his sacrifices during the
following months changed the way things were going. Bati didn't play a single
match during this period of time. Sadness gave way to anger and in June
Batistuta left River to join Boca. His early days with Boca were hard, all that
time wthout playing left it's mark. The pressure of the fans toward the team
didn't help.
Then in January, l99l arrived to Boca, Oscar Tabarez, the team
was reconstructed, the new coach knew how to bring out the best of each player,
he brought confidence to the group. He was able to discern the capabilities of
the men at his command. He turned Boca in a winning team. Boca's winnings took
them to the "Copa Libertadores" final, and, losing the Argentine
Championship right at the end. Bati continue to score, his name began to be
recognized. Offers from Europe started arriving: Verona, Juventus, Real Marid,
Fiorentina.
It was in that same year while playing a match in "Copa
America" tournament, won by Bati's Argentina, that Vittorio Cecchi Gori,
vice-president of the Viola at the time noticed young Batistuta's class, talent
and penchant for goals. So, he brought him to "Firenze" At first,
like in River and Boca, things were not easy: a different country, different
customs, different language, differences with his teammates. Also he needed a
teammate that would supply good passes for him to be able to do what he was
capable of doing. His strength of character, his openness and sincerity help
him in smoothing whatever obstacles were thrown in his path. Bati started
scoring and his goals were making a difference for his team. Meanwhile the
people of "Firenze" were little by little opening their hearts to the
young man with long blond hair, magical feet and agreeable character.
The 26 of February, l992 with the goal scored to Juventus (l-0), BATIGOL'S myth
was born. From there on there was no stopping for Batistuta: two goals against
Genoa, hat trick against Foggia, two goals at the "Olimpico". The
'myth' was gaining in strength. Bati's personal achievements were not enough
and Fiorentina ended twelfth in the championship. The following year eventhough
the team had players like Laudrup and Effenberg they ended relegated to Serie
B. By this time Claudio Ranieri arrived to coach Fiorentina becoming one of the
six Italian coaches, Lazaroni, Radice, Agroppi, Malesani and now Trapattoni,
with the opportunity to train Batistuta. It is with Ranieri that Batistuta won
his first Italian trophies.
Batistuta took command of the team. He decided to stay at
"Firenze" eventhough they were relegated. His pride, his love for the
city inspired him to bring Fiorentina back to Serie A. Once again his courage,
his desire for winning were far greater than any humiliation he may have felt.
Batistuta kept his promise to the city of Florence, Fiorentina was back in
Serie A. Thanks to him and his understanding with Baiano, Fiorentina was able
to dominate the Serie B championship. Back in serie A, Bati established a new
record of goals scored, scoring in eleven consecutive weeks, breaking an old
record of thirty years pertaining to a "Bologna" player by the name
of Pascutti. A record that seemed unattainable, broken by Bati's class and
strength.
This
was also the year of "la bandierina" (the corner flag). An
unforgettable way of celebrating his goals, and image of Batistuta that will
remain forever in our minds. This year he won the goal scoring title with 26
goals. This was just and 'aperitive' for what was to come in the season 95-96.
Fiorentina conquered the third place in Serie A, entering the UEFA Championship
and the l8th of May at Bergamo, playing against Atalanta, Batistuta gifted the
"tifosi Viola" with the "Copa Italia" trophy. This is the
fifth trophy in the "Viola" history. Four months later at the
"S. Siro" Bati amazed the world by annihilating Baresi and all the
Milan defense. With two magnificent goals Batistuta brought to
"Firenze" the "Super Coppa" trophy.
Also this year he played his match number 100 in Serie A. His
game 101, a win over Lazio, 2-0, with Bati scoring the two goals. This was
celebrated by what is until now the greatest acknowledgement given to any
player. The "tifosi" gifted Batistuta with a life size bronze statue
made in his image.
Thanks to the winning of "Coppa Italia", Batistuta's Fiorentina enter
the race for the "Coppa delle Coppe" trophy. In the first match
against "Gloria Bistrita" a goal from no other that Batistuta, it
ended 1-1. The second leg was won by the "Viola" 1-0. Later on they
beat "Sparta Praga" and "Benfica", arriving to the
semifinals against "Barcelona" of Spain. Thus Batistuta and Ronaldo's
rivalry begins. The Brazilian was not able to score while Bati scored the goal
that tied the match bringing to silence the 90,000 Barcelona fans. His
celebration of this goal appeard on T.V. and newspapers all over the world.
During the match Batistuta was penalized with a yellow card that kept him from
playing against Barcelona at "Firenze". His abscense gave way to
Barcelona entering the finals.
The season 97-98 starts with Bati scoring three goals to
"Udine", making Malesani's debut in Serie A unforgettable. The
following Sunday sees Bati scoring two goals at "Firenze". Batistuta
starts this championship with five goals in two matches, this season will see
him scoring his 100th goal in Serie A, another big step in Bati's career. His
greatness not only lies in scoring goals but also in helping his teammates
score as well. At the end of the championship Fiorentina conquers a spot in
UEFA.
The
following year came to Fiorentina a coach which is a myth in soccer history.
The coach that has won the most over all, Gioavanni Trapattoni. Thanks to him
Batistuta decided to remain at "Firenze". Trapattoni promise Bati a
team that will be able to fight for the "scudetto", and that, he
delivered. Season 98-99 sees Fiorentina at the top of Serei A for more than 1/2
of the championship with a Batistuta blasting the championship with his goals,
celebrating them with the mimick of firing a machine gun. Then on February 7th
while playing against Milan, Batistuta suffered the gravest injury of his
career. One that kept him out of play for more than a month.
His
recovery was done in record time but his absence was seriously felt by the
team. Fiorentina woithout his captain lost its first place in Serie A to Lazio.
At the end of the season Fiorentina ended in third place conquering a place in
the Champions League. This and the winning of the "scudetto" are
Batistuta and Fiorentina's objective for the season l999/2000. Now backing
Batistuta we find two soccer stars, Mijatovic and Chiesa plus Balbo who'll be Bati's
replacement if needed, a star in his own right. Balbo being one of Bati's best
friends in and out of the pitch. So, Batistuta will begin a new adventure that
could well mean his "consecration" as one of the worlds soccer stars
of all times.
Pasargadae
By:
Jona Lendering
In old Persian Pâthragâda: oldest of the capitals of the
ancient Achaemenid empire, built
by the founder of this empire, king Cyrus the Great (559-330
BCE). It resembled a park of 2x3 km in which several monumental buildings were
to be seen.
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Map of Pasargadae |
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ccording to the Roman
geographer Strabo of Amasia, Pasargadae was built on the site where king Cyrus
defeated the leader of the Medes, Astyages, in 550 BCE (Strabo, Geography
15.3.8). That Cyrus was indeed the builder of this town, can be corroborated
from the building inscriptions in the palace, which state Cyrus the Great King,
an Achaemenian.
The heart of Pasargadae is the citadel, which is known as Tall-i-Takht or
'throne hill'. It overlooks a garden ('paradise') in the south, and the palace
complex itself. This consists of two smaller units: the residential palace and
the many columned audience hall. The audience hall or Apadana can be approached
from the south-east; the visitor first has to pass a gate and then has to cross
a bridge over the river Pulvâr.
Stylistically, the Apadana belongs to the architectural tradition of the
Iranian nomads, who lived in large tents. However, Cyrus used elements from
other cultures as well: sculptures from the Assyrian palaces were used as
models, work was done by stonemasons from Greek Ionia, and a Phoenician demon
guarded the palace. Probably, the population of the city had a similar, mixed
character.
The small tomb of king Cyrus -stylistically based on a model from western
Turkey- is situated a little to the southwest. It was venerated by later
rulers, a.o. the Macedonian king Alexander the Great, who ordered restorations
in January 324 BCE. The tomb of Cyrus' successor Cambyses was never
finished.
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The tomb of Cyrus |
King Darius I the Great
(522-486 BCE) built a new capital, Persepolis, forty-three kilometers
downstream along the river Pulvar. However, Pasargadae remained an important
place, probably as the religious capital of the Achaemenid empire where the
inauguration of the kings took place.
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Unfinished tomb of Cambyses, Pasargadae |
Literature
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E. Badian, 'Alexander the Great between two thrones and Heaven: variations on an old theme' in: Alastair Small (ed.), Subject and Ruler: the Cult of the Ruling Power in Classical Antiquity (1996 Ann Arbor) |
Saddam Hussein profile
Saddam Hussein insists that the Gulf War was a victory for Iraq
By Middle East analyst Gerald Butt
Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq for the past two decades, has
the dubious distinction of being the world's best known and most hated Arab
leader.
And in a region where despotic rule is the norm, he is more
feared by his own people than any other head of state.
A former Iraqi diplomat living in exile summed up Saddam's rule
in one sentence: "Saddam is a dictator who is ready to sacrifice his
country, just so long as he can remain on his throne in Baghdad." Few
Iraqis would disagree with this. Although none living in Iraq would dare to say
so publicly.
The Iraqi people are forced to consume a daily diet of
triumphalist slogans, fattened by fawning praise of the president.
He is portrayed as a valiant knight leading the Arabs into
battle against the infidel, or as an eighth-century caliph who founded the city
of Baghdad. Evoking the glory of Arab history, Saddam claims to be leading his
people to new glory.
The reality looks very different. Iraq is bankrupt, its economy
and infrastructure shattered by years of economic sanctions imposed by the
United Nations following the invasion of Kuwait.
Saddam Hussein remains largely isolated from his people,
keeping the company of a diminishing circle of trusted advisers - largely drawn
from his close family or from the extended clan based around the town of
Takrit, north of Baghdad.
The path to power
The Iraqi president was born in a village just outside Takrit
in April 1937. In his teenage years, he immersed himself in the anti-British
and anti-Western atmosphere of the day. At college in Baghdad he joined the
Baath party.
After the overthrow of the monarchy in 1958, Saddam connived in
a plot to kill the prime minister, Abdel-Karim Qassem. But the conspiracy was
discovered, and Saddam fled the country.
In 1963, with the Baath party in control in Baghdad, Saddam
Hussein returned home and began jostling for a position of influence. During
this period he married his cousin Sajida. They later had two sons and three
daughters.
But within months, the Baath party had been overthrown and he
was jailed, remaining there until the party returned to power in a coup in July
1968. Showing ruthless determination that was to become a hallmark of his
leadership, Saddam Hussein gained a position on the ruling Revolutionary
Command Council.
For years he was the power behind the ailing figure of the
president, Ahmed Hassan Bakr. In 1979, he achieved his ambition of becoming
head of state. The new president started as he intended to go on - putting to
death dozens of his rivals.
Holding together a disparate nation
President Saddam Hussein might defend his autocratic style of
leadership by arguing that nothing else could have kept such a vast and diverse
nation united.
And, for all that Saddam Hussein is criticised and reviled, his
opponents have not been able to nominate anyone else who might hold Iraq
together - with its Kurds in the north, Sunni Muslims in the centre and Shi'ia
in the south. What the outside world calls terror, Saddam calls expediency.
Some years ago a European interviewer nervously quoted reports
that the Baghdad authorities might, on occasions, have tortured and perhaps
even killed opponents of the regime.
Was this true? Saddam Hussein was not offended. Rather, he
seemed surprised by the naivete of the question. "Of course," he
replied. "What do you expect if they oppose the regime?"
But his tactic of imposing his authority by terror has gone far
beyond the occasional arrest and execution of opponents. In attempts to
suppress the Kurds, for example, he has systematically used chemical weapons.
And in putting down a rebellion of Shi'ia in the south he has razed towns to
the ground and drained marshland.
Not that you would recognise the figure of a tyrant in the
portraits that adorn every building and street corner in Iraq.
Here you see Saddam, usually smiling benevolently, in a variety
of guises and poses - in military uniform, say, or in traditional ethnic dress,
or tweed cap and sports jacket; he might be surrounded by his family or be seen
jiggling a young child on his knee - the would-be father-figure of the Iraqi
nation.
A question of judgement
The fiction of Saddam Hussein as a benevolent ruler was exposed
by two major and catastrophic miscalculations of foreign policy for which his
country and his people have paid dearly.
In 1980, Saddam thought he saw an opportunity for glory - to
put Iraq at the forefront of the Arab world. He ordered a surprise cross-border
attack on Iran. This was meant to be a swift operation to capture the Shatt
al-Arab waterway leading to the Gulf.
But Iranian resistance was far stronger than he had imagined.
Eight years later, with hundreds of thousands of young people killed and the
country deep in debt, he agreed on a ceasefire.
Still, with enormous oil reserves, Iraq seemed to have the
potential to make a swift recovery. An increase in oil prices, Saddam Hussein
surmised, would speed up the country's revival still more.
Frustrated by his failure to achieve agreement on a price rise
by conventional means, the Iraqi president allowed his long-harboured
resentment against Kuwait to get the better of him.
On 2 August 1990, he made another costly blunder by ordering
his army into the neighbouring Gulf state.
Fighting qualities
In the months that led up to the war of 1991, Saddam Hussein
displayed qualities that still make him both adored and hated in the Arab
world.
On the streets of Arab cities he is admired as a leader who has
dared to defy and challenge Israel and the West, a symbol of Arab steadfastness
in the face of Western aggression.
At the same time, Saddam is feared as a vicious dictator who
threatens the security of the Gulf region as a whole.
With his older and favourite son Uday crippled in an
assassination attempt, his younger son Qusay now controls the elite
Revolutionary Guards and the Special Forces which guarantee the president's
grip on power.
Gulf states and Western countries alike have come to realise
that his grip is stronger than it seems - and stronger by far than his grasp of
reality often appears to be.
He insists that the 1991 Gulf War, which he famously described
as the Mother-of-All-Battles, ended in victory for Iraq.
By the same token, Saddam boasts that Iraq can shrug off any
Western military attack. The Iraqi people have no choice but to nod in
agreement.
So it will go on until the moment comes for bombastic slogans to be replaced by a succinct epitaph to one of the most infamous dictators of the century. For the overwhelming majority of Iraqis, that moment can not come too soon.
DOES YOUR BLOOD TYPE REVEAL YOUR PERSONALITY?
According to a Japanese institute that does research on blood types there are certain personality trails that seem to match up certain blood types. How do you rate?
TYPE O
You want to be a leader and when you see something you want, you keep striving until you achieve your goal. You are a trend-setter, loyal, passionate, and self-confident. Your weaknesses include jealousy and a tendency to be too competitive.
TYPE A
You like harmony, peace. You work well with others, and are sensitive, patient and affectionate. Among your weaknesses are stubbornness and an inability to relax.
TYPE B
You are a rugged individuality, who's straightforward and liken to do things your own way, creative and flexible, you adapt easily to any situation. But your insistence on being independent can sometimes too far and become a weakness...
TYPE AB
Cool and controlled, you're generally well liked and always put people at ease. You're a natural entertainer who's tactful. But you're , blunt, and have difficulty making decisions.
HEKAYAT:(IRANIAN STORY):
Once in the past in the Iran there was a king who was handsome, wealthy, kind and owned a lot of property. All the people in that region loved him. He helped the poor and didn’t charge a lot of taxes. Our king who was named Dariush. There was one problem with this king. He detested women. He ordered his soldiers to fire all the women in that city. His family and court didn’t know who would own his heritage. So they tried to in some ways change his mind but couldn’t. One day passing painter told the kings family that he could change his mind. They warned him that he mustn’t use any woman picture. He agreed.( In the past painters showed their gallery to the kings and they gave them money). So the painter went to the king and showed him his picture gallery. The painter had portrayed nature. The king was looking at the pictures in the album; suddenly he saw a beautiful lady's picture, and quickly he fainted. So others helped him to get his awareness. Then he ordered the soldiers to bring the painter. The king told him that he didn’t want to punish the painter, but just to show him the lady in the picture. The painter first said that such a lady didn’t exist, but then told him that this lady was a lord of a region called Ciaphas. The painter told him that nobody could marry her except the one who could ask her a question that she couldn’t answer to it. If she answered to him, he must for the rest of his life be her slave. He agreed and with his friends he could prepare 20 difficult puzzles. The king went to the region. Every day he answered a question and she answered them. He understood that this woman can answer all his questions. She answered all his questions. There was left one chance for the king. In the last day he decided to tell the lady his story of life. He explained the woman that he was a king that didn’t like any woman in the world, but when he saw her picture he was inclined to her and in any cost he wanted to marry her, then he asked her" what question exists in this world that she doesn’t know the answer?!!!!!!!!!!!!"
At this time the lady couldn’t give him any answer, so others admired the king that at last could ask a question that she didn’t know the answer. Then they married. After some year the woman told him that she sent the painter to him. They two lived happily for the rest of their life.
ACROSS:
1. To criticize somebody severely; to show that one disapproves of somebody—The page on the right side of an open book.
3. Of considerable size, extent or capacity—A unit of measuring the energy value of food.
5. A place from which an organization is controlled.
7. A boy; a young man—To perform a part play; etc on, or as if on, the stage of theatre—Meat or fruit cooked in a dish lined with pasty and with a covering of pastry.
9. Glowing or shining when heated.
11. The condition of being quiet or silent, the absence of sound—Satisfying one’s idea of what is perfect; most suitable.
13. Feeling sadness or regret—A building or outdoors area where plays and similar entertainments are performed.
DOWN:
1. To annoy somebody—The leaving out of a word or words from a sentence when the meaning can be understood without it or them.
3. At an angle 90° to another line or surface.
5. Not having arrived, or not done, paid, etc by the required or appropriate time—A foolish person.
7. The action of encouraging somebody/something.
9. A person who rules or governs—Of or using the sense of touch.
11. A person who contributes news or comments regularly to a newspaper, radio station, etc, especially from abroad.
13. To go beyond what is normal or permitted—A
fact or piece of evidence that helps to solve a problem or reveal the truth in
an investigation.
WE have interviewed with D.r Kavoos Hassanli. The full description of the interview will be published in our next issue but here is some information about his background:
Degrees:
Tarbiat Moalem Diploma, Literal diploma, Bachelors degree, Masters degree, ph.d
BOOKS:
· Man Mahe Tabanam
· Ringlets of the Beloved
· Resurrection of word
· Thirsy for smile in the mirror
· Farhange Sa'di Pazhuhi
· Sa'di Atashzaban
· Sokhane Ahle del
· Sweet Persian speech
· Sweeter that sugar
· The story of Vamagh and Azra
HONORS AND AWARDS:
· First rank in fajr cultural-literal competition,1990
· The selected rank of Hanrana Amn competition, 1990
· Supervisor of educational board of the first students festival, 1997
· Constituent of the centre of Sa'di and supervisor of this centre, from 1997-2000
· Constituent of the centre of Hafez and supervisor and member of the managing committee, 1997
· Member of the educationall board of the first assembly of teaching Persian literature, 1999
· Selected researcher of Fars province,1999
· Supervisor of "Iran's Literal nights:, 2000
· Member of committee in the assembly of teachers of Persian literal, 2001
· Educational supervisor of the third" Iran's literal nights",2000
· Educational supervisor of the centre of Hafez, from 2000
· Winner of an award for chosen book in" Farhang" festival, 2001
· Educational supervisor of the third" Mehregan I" festival, 2002
· Educational supervisor of the third" Mehregan II" festival,2003
· selected national writer and poct of the year 2003
· selected researcher of the faculty of Persian literature of Shiraz University 2003
· member of the poetry coonacil of the T.V organization of Fars Province, 1996-1998
THE BEST WISHES FOR OUR READERS, WE EAGERLY ARE WAITING TO HAVE CONTACT WITH YOU. WAITING TO RECEIVE YOUR CONSTRUCTIVE IDEAS ABOUT OUR MAGAZINE.WE SURELY WILL PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO YOUR REASONABLE IDEAS TO HAVE MORE FRUITFUL MAGAZINE.NEVER FORGET THAT THIS MAGAZINE DOESN’T BELONG ONLY TO THE MENTIONED MEMBER BUT ALL THE READERS. WE ARE SURE THAT YOU WILL BY SHOWING OUR MISTAKES ,LET US CONTINUE OUR WAY MORE CONFIDENTLY. LETS SHARE OUR IDEAS IN CONSTRUCTIVE AND REASONABLE WAYS.
BE GOOD, TAKE CARE……..
YOURS MAJID RAHIMI.
collagiative monthly
magazin
Rainbow
third issue
managing director
: Mostafa
Farhadi
Editor chief : Majid Rahimi
manager of
editorial pannel :
M . khamirgir
Lay out : M . Barzegar
Editorial pannel
: M . zare
khalili , M.Rasayi poor , H. Alipoor , A. Farahbakhsh , M . Mashghoolozzekr
concessioner: M. Farhadi
With special thanks to miss Mahboubeh Zare and mr Peyman amrollahi
